One big issue for no-budget film production is music. The usual habit is to simply pick your own favourite tracks and copyright be damned. It's ethically dubious, as well as illegal, and limits distribution and exhibition opportunities. It's also creatively rather lazy.
There are two options:o ne is the growing movement of
Creative Commons. This is music (as well as software, video, literary works, photographs, etc) that is release with a licence similar in concept to the BSD or GNU licenses that open source software is released under. It offers a range of
licensing options the work. For example you may be able to distribute the work as long as you credit the author, or as long as the work is not for profit. Be careful, because some licenses demand (just like open source software licenses) that if you use the work you are compelled to offer your work under a similar licence - i.e. you must make your work freely available for others to use and transform in their own work (as long as THEY in turn release that work under the same license. So there are restrictions and you should be very careful that the license is going to work for you. (for example you may make a film that gets picked up for distribution, under an exclusive license that is incompatible with creative commons, and you're back to square one)
Then there is public domain music. Laws differ from country to country. In the UK country it generally means music by a composer more than 70 years dead, and if its recorded, a recording more than 50 years old. However there are people releasing music directly into the public domain, such as on the site
www.musopen.com. They have a growing archive of music where the copyrights on compositions have lapsed, but are new, and often good quality recordings, by volunteers who have voluntarily relinquished their rights to the music. It is therefore truly free music., You don't have to pay for it and you're not limited. The original performers have no say or control over how you use the music and how you profit from it, they're not entitled to any royalties or even a credit, (though they do ask for a credit out of courtesy, and you'd have to be a total wanker not to give it to them).
It seems to good to be true. There's no real downside, though one should point out that the quality of (the recordings
and performances) varies, much of it is excellent but there's the odd cough or chair scraping in some of the live recordings. It's also limited to pre-Twentieth Century or early Twentieth century classical music.
Also, a small caveat in the US constitution mean that any work produced by an American government agency is also in the public domain. So for example your scathing documentary on the Bush administration's invasion of Iraq could be scored with a performance of an
American Air Force band performing Gustav Holst's "Mars" from The Planet Suite!
Labels: copyright, distribution, Music, Post production, screenings